First Three Years Old Child Who Tested Positive For Crack...

Teresa is a four year old child who tested positive for crack cocaine at birth. She was immediately taken into custody. For the first three months of her life, she was placed in foster care. During this time, her mother, Emilia, was remanded into drug treatment, which she did not complete. Her father was nowhere to be found, so she was placed in kinship care with her grandparents at the age of three months. They are currently in the process of adopting her. Her mother states that she would like to work towards regaining a parental role in Teresa’s life, but acknowledges that her life is currently too unstable to do so. Developmental Assessment Biologically, there are concerns to Teresa’s development. The most obvious is the issue of her mother using cocaine during pregnancy. It is observed that infants exposed to cocaine during pregnancy tend to have smaller head circumference at birth than normal babies (Behnke et al, 2006, p. 45). Additionally, Children born after prenatal cocaine exposure display more abnormal reflexes and tend to have shorter attention spans than those born without the exposure (Zickler, 1999. p. 2). One particular measure to asses child development is the Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (BNBAS). This scale systemizes an infants abilities into three categories: baby’s strengths, adaptive responses, and vulnerabilities (NCBI). Using BNBAS, after three weeks of age, these babies still score weaker than normal babies (Schuler, 1999, p.Show MoreRelatedRosa Lee Essay3975 Words   |  16 Pages DATE OF REPORT: 3/14/2012 Identifying Information: Rosa Lee is a feisty African American female who grew up poor on the fringes of a Capitol Hill neighborhood. Her parents were sharecroppers who had migrated to the city. Rosa Lee had eight children, six boys and two girls, over an 11 year stretch; she was 14 years old when she had her first born. 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John Lennon Free Essays

Introduction On a gloomy night in London, while Hitler’s bombs rained down from the sky, John Lennon was born. An infant of war, Lennon would turn out to be a symbol of peace to the entire world. His father left him for the sea and his mother was taken from him in a car crash. We will write a custom essay sample on John Lennon or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, he had music inside of him, and with this music he built a new family, a family which still endures and still cultivates the lives of many. He journeyed the earth, singing â€Å"come together† and â€Å"all you need is love.† He journeyed to India to study harmony in the land of Gandhi. He gave an anthem to the peace movement when he sang â€Å"All we are saying is give peace a chance† (Give Peace a Chance, 1969). But more importantly, he gave the world vision and dreams when he sang â€Å"Imagine† (1970). This discussion will highlight the points in Lennon’s career that transformed him into one of the most recognized figures of our Western culture. With his influences from Eastern cultures, he incorporated many aspects of this into his music and created a double ideology that can still be seen today. Various aspects of Lennon’s career will be analyzed in order to realize the type of person he was, and how he has influenced our culture at present. In the concluding section, a much deeper analysis will be conducted noting the importance of Lennon’s impact through his music, art and mind. The Career of a Genius Mainly well-known as one of the members of the Beatles as well as the co-composer of the Beatles song catalogue which included many of the most admired rock songs ever written, John Lennon is also distinguished for his solo career, with his continuing status as a celebrity persecuted by one of his own fans, shot dead outside his New York City home, and as a celebrity who used his fame to draw awareness to various peaceful causes (Coleman, 1992). Lennon was born in Liverpool, raised in a middle class home that lacked a father and also a mother as well; Lennon was for the most part raised by his aunt Mimi, who warned him that while playing his guitar was fine, it was unlikely that he would learn a living from it (Coleman, 1992). He attended an art school where he produced a small group, the Quarrymen, which would later shape the foundation for the Beatles (Conord, 1994). Lennon was the original leader of the Beatles and their most controversial component. At the 1963 Royal Command Performance, he said to the audience, â€Å"On the next number, would those in the cheap seats clap their hands and the rest of you rattle your jewelry.† Upon being awarded the MBE, Lennon observed, â€Å"I can’t believe it. I thought you had to drive tanks and win wars† (Conord, 1994). He provoked even more argument when on November 25, 1969, he returned his MBE â€Å"with love† to the Queen to object to Britain’s involvement in Vietnam and his song â€Å"Cold Turkey† slid down the charts (Green, 1989). In 1966, Lennon told Maureen Cleave in the London Evening Standard, â€Å"The Beatles are bigger than Jesus Christ,† provoking a religious repercussion in the United States (Coleman, 1992). A similar British reaction was created when Lennon appeared naked on the cover of his Two Virgins album. An exhibition of Lennon’s erotic lithographs had to have eight prints removed under threat of possible prosecution under the Obscene Publications Act. However, they were later declared â€Å"unlikely to deprave or corrupt† by legal experts and handed back (Conord, 1994). In addition to music and art, Lennon also experimented with literature. Lennon wrote his first book, â€Å"In His Own Write†, which subsequently won a Foyle’s Literary Prize. This was followed by â€Å"A Spaniard in the Works†. In addition to his film work with the Beatles (Help!, A Hard Day’s Night, Let It Be), Lennon had a small role in Richard Lester’s illogical black comedy â€Å"How I Won the War† (Davies, 1968). He was also the focus of the documentary film Imagine. Lennon also formed his first post-Beatles group, the Plastic Ono Band, which originally consisted of himself, Ono, Eric Clapton, Klaus Voorman, and Alan White, who threw together an under rehearsed show for a live concert in Toronto which was recorded as an album and film. Lennon’s next Plastic Ono Band effort, Plastic Ono Band with Voorman on bass, Ringo Starr on drums, and occasional piano by Billy Preston and Phil Spector, is one of rock’s all-time classic albums (Conord, 1994). Sparse and powerful, the album was an outgrowth of Lennon’s involvement in primal scream therapy techniques as he tries to exorcise his personal pain and rejection tempered by feelings of love and hope (Henke, 2003). Paradoxically, following the break-up of the Beatles, even Ringo Starr initially had greater chart success than Lennon (Green, 1989). If Plastic Ono Band evoked Lennon’s agony, his â€Å"Imagine† album celebrated his delight, and proved to be another classic. This was the most melodic of Lennon’s solo albums, a quality he would downplay subsequently as his peace expressions gave way to political statements as on his rasping â€Å"Some Time in New York City† album (Henke, 2003). Lennon decided to move to the United States, but Lennon’s political activities brought him under examination by the FBI and he was ordered to leave the U.S. by the Immigration establishment (Coleman, 1992). Lennon was able to productively fight the deportation, and in January 1974, he asked the Queen for a Royal Pardon in connection with his drug conviction in order to be free to journey to and from the United States (Green, 1989). Nevertheless, Lennon’s dedication as an artist has left a lasting feeling, from his commitment to political causes to his celebrated love for Yoko Ono in the face of public hostility and contempt (Seaman, 1991). His solo music has been frequently repackaged, his demo tapes and home recordings formed the basis of a long-running radio show, â€Å"The Lost Lennon Tapes,† a couple of these recordings formed the basis for the two Beatles reunion singles, â€Å"Real Love† and â€Å"Free As a Bird,† and many of these pieces were collected together for release in late 1998 as the Lennon Anthology album (Seaman, 1991). They offer a complete portrait of Lennon, from his pleasure to his misery, his irritation and his wit. Lennon came to the conclusion years ago that what most people around him were most attracted to, was Lennon himself, and few artists have put so much of themselves into their talent so that he and his love for Yoko became his celebrated subjects (Henke, 2003). The Influence of a Soul The feelings that John Lennon spoke of grew more and more personal, striking a receptive chord in the fans that followed him; some commented that the experience was like group therapy (Aquila, 1985). Following Lennon’s tune â€Å"all you need is love,† a whole new generation loosened the bonds with their parents and turned to their peers as relatives. With colleague Beatle Paul McCartney, John wrote â€Å"I am the Walrus† (1967), which began with the association with LSD, â€Å"I am he as you are he,† and led to the sixties collective ideal â€Å"we are all together.† From Berlin to Paris, from New York to Sydney, John wandered with his three fellow Beatles, singing and living a meaning of honesty and peacefulness. Lennon and McCartney’s â€Å"Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds (1967)† about â€Å"flowers that grow so incredibly high† was said to present a pleasant image for a central chapter in the history of youth culture: flower p ower and psychedelia (Weiner, 1984). â€Å"And in the end,† he sang, â€Å"the love you take is equal to the love you make† (â€Å"The End†, 1969). The end for this man of peace came by a gun in the hand of a criminal. Nevertheless John Lennon is greater in death even than he was in life. In life, John Lennon was a rock star. In death, he was to become a myth. The young people who were his original disciples are no longer young, but are still devoted to him. Now they are joined by their children and grandchildren: Lennon has become a voice that speaks to all generations. The man who was born in hostility and died in violence became a principal representation of peace. We can see the power of indifference and re-initiation in Lennon’s music which is only granted to us at a sanctified time. Sometimes it is difficult to tell whether the reason a person becomes a hero or heroine is that they create a new distinctiveness for their generation or that they represent the collective ideals of their society. Perhaps we can say that a commendable figure is the one who listens to his own needs and those of his generation and has the gift to respond to these needs by his talent and flair. John Lennon is just the one who was gifted in converting his private pain and struggle into a public voice (Wiener, 1984), thus he gave his society a meaning to live by, and a dream to pursue. Legacy: A Cultural Influence To an age group of baby boomers, John Lennon was at the head of their culture. His music and way of life changed the way a generation reflected, dressed and felt about drugs, sex and political opinions. Future generations revealed the Beatles and John Lennon in the years after his death (Green, 1989). Today, almost every musical artist regardless of type is familiar with and partial in some way by the music of John Lennon and the Beatles. Possibly the aspect of Lennon’s music that makes it so long lasting and influential is its sincerity (Green, 1989). John was not afraid to confront his own demons, writing about the passing away of his mother, his painful removal from heroin, his irritation, his love and his wish for a better world. He was genuine, and the approaches raised by his music remain real today. Now, around 25 years after his death, the influence of John Lennon remains powerful. The world will never know what route Lennon may have taken had he lived further than December 8, 1980. Although in the 40 short years he was on this world, Lennon gave the world music that made it think and feel and changed the way millions of people look at the world. Very few people have had as strong of a legacy as he. References Aquila, Richard. â€Å"Why We Cried: John Lennon and American Culture† in Popular Music Society. Vol. X, No. 1, 1985. Carr, Roy, and Tony Tyler. The Beatles: An Illustrated Record. Revised and updated edition. New York, Harmony Books, 1981. Coleman, Ray â€Å"Lennon: The Definitive Biography.† Harper Perennial, New York, 1992. Conord, Bruce W.   John Lennon.   USA:   Main Line Book Co., 1994. Davies, Hunter. The Beatles. Harper Collins, 1968. Du Noyer, Paul â€Å"We All Shine on: The Stories Behind Every John Lennon Song: 1970-1980.† Harperperennial Library, 1997. Green, John â€Å"Dakota Days.† St Martins Mass Market Paper, 1989. Henke, James. Lennon Legend: An Illustrated Life of John Lennon: Chronicle, 2003. â€Å"Legend-John Lennon†Ã‚  Online.   http://www.johnlennon-legend.com 4/4/07. Norman, Philip.  SHOUT!.   New York:   Simon and Schuster, 1981 Seaman, Frederic â€Å"The Last Days of John Lennon.† Birch Lane Pr, 1991. Wiener, Jon. Come Together: John Lennon in His Time. New York: Random House, 1984. How to cite John Lennon, Essay examples John Lennon Free Essays John Lennon: The Smart Beatle â€Å"You, you may say I’m a dreamer, but I’m not the only one I hope someday you’ll join us and the world will be as one,† is the chorus of Imagine, one of the most famous John Lennon songs. John Winston Ono Lennon was a singer, songwriter, artist and a hero in the eyes of the many people that belonged to the world of the hippies during the 1960s through the 1980s. John Lennon was part of the music group the Beatles; who sang about everything from world peace to young love and even drugs. We will write a custom essay sample on John Lennon or any similar topic only for you Order Now He also became a solo artist after the Beatles split up and created a sound of his own. He earned the love and admiration of his generation by creating a huge body of work that inspired and led people (John Lennon). However, he was not a god in any way; he had his flaws just like any other person. John Lennon suffered through a rough childhood, faced a challenging, yet exciting adulthood and would never get a chance to experience his manhood. As a child, John Lennon was defiant, determined and extremely intelligent. John Lennon was born on October 09, 1940 during the Nazi bombing of Britain (â€Å"John Lennon Biography†). John was born to Alfred Lennon and Julia Stanley Lennon. They separated when he was a baby, but were never officially divorced. He did not see his father from the age of four, until after he became famous. After Alfred and Julia separated, Julia started a new relationship with John â€Å"Bobby† Dykins. When the social services discovered that young John was sharing a bed with Julia and her new partner, it was agreed that John would move in with Mimi Smith, Julia’s sister (Coleman 88-89). John was raised in Woolton, Liverpool by his Aunt Mimi (63). At the age of four he was taught to read and write by his Uncle George, later came to have a passion for books (99). John attended Dovedale Primary School where he did well in all of his classes. John excelled in art but had a weakness in math.. At the age of eleven John was accepted into Quarry Bank High School after passing an eleven-plus exam (104,106). While attending Quarry Bank High School, John became less responsible. John started failing to pay attention in class, would skip lessons, started to smoke and began to swear (107-108). John attended Liverpool College of Art and was kicked out by the age of nineteen for disorderliness. All these things would not be enough to prepare him for what he was to encounter as a growing adult. During his adulthood, John became more daring, less responsible and was found caught up in the rush of fame. At the age of sixteen, John became a fan of Elvis Presley, who at the time was just being discovered. Elvis became the inspiration behind the band that John formed called the â€Å"Quarry Men†, named after his school (â€Å"John Lennon biography†). Shortly after forming the band, John met Paul McCartney and a friendship based solely on music was formed. After playing their first gig, the band began to gain momentum and decided it was time for a new name (194). As the band started to throw around names such as Long John Silver, one of the band members came up with the name the Beetles. John would later change the name to the Beatles, to incorporate the word ‘beat’ which was a popular word used to define the unique bands that originated from Liverpool (195-196). After the Beatles were discovered by Brian Epstein in 1961 at the Cavern Club, they released their first single, Love Me Do in October 1962 and it peaked on the British charts at number 17. The Beatles became the first band to break out in the United States, creating the Beatlemania. After Beatlemania started to lose the magic that is possessed from the start, the band split up. After an extended break, the band returned to the studio to expand their experimental with drug-influenced exotic instrumentation/lyrics and tape abstractions. The first sample was the single Penny Lane/Strawberry Fields Forever, followed up by Sgt. Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band, still considered by many to be the greatest rock album ever (â€Å"John Lennon Biography†). John never did get to experience his manhood, but he did get to experience many other things like marriage, divorce and having kids. The first woman he married was his college friend Cynthia Powell. Cynthia became his wife during Beatlemania and had their son during that time too. On April 8, 1963 their son John Charles Julian Lennon was born (Coleman 261). John Lennon did no want to get married, but in order to protect Cynthia and the child he decided that marriage was the best option (264). Cynthia Powell said, â€Å"I don’t think that we’d have been married if I hadn’t become pregnant. He wasn’t the sort at the age of twenty- one to say: â€Å"Will you marry me? It was all so immediate that we hardy realized the seriousness of it all: making love, getting pregnant, getting married. † (qtd. in Coleman 263). After meeting Yoko Ono at one of her art showings in 1966, John and her started to have an affair. As they got more and more serious John finally had the courage to tell Cynthia what was going on (422). Though they tried to work through this hard time, John finally decided to end their marriage in 1968 (440). John and Yoko were married on March 20, 1969 (John Lennon). They had a son, Sean Lennon Ono, in 1975. John’s second marriage ended on December 8, 1980 when he was assassinated by an enraged fan outside of his hotel (John Lennon Biography). After the death of John Lennon his record sales soared and he continued to be admired by his generation (John Lennon). On December 14, 1980, a ten-minute silent vigil in John’s honour was observed around the world at 2:00 P. M. E. S. T. (Coleman 724). John left behind a legacy of music that has reached generation after generation. John Lennon suffered through a rough childhood, faced a challenging, yet exciting adulthood and would never get a chance to experience his manhood. As a child, John was raised by his Aunt Mimi after his parents were divorced, never saw his father until he became famous and was seventeen when he lost his mother after she was hit by a car. During his adulthood he formed a band, began a friendship with Paul McCartney and his renamed band, the Beatles were discovered by Brian Epstein. John never did get to experience his manhood, but he did get to experience many other things like marriage, divorce and having kids. He married, divorced and had a child with Cynthia Powell. Then he married and had a child with Yoko Ono and during their marriage he was assassinated by an enraged fan. John left behind a legacy of music that has reached generation after generation. â€Å"You, you may say I’m a dreamer, but I’m not the only one I hope someday you’ll join us and the world will be as one,† is the chorus of Imagine, one of the most famous John Lennon songs. Works Cited Coleman, Ray. Lennon: the definitive biography. USA: HarperCollins Publishers, 1985. Print. â€Å"John Lennon Biography. † The Rock and Roll Hall of fame and museum. Web. 09. Aug. 2012 â€Å"John Lennon. † 2012. Biography. com 2012. Biography. com 10 Aug 2012 How to cite John Lennon, Essay examples

R.E. Coursework Essay Example

R.E. Coursework Essay The Shabbat is a festival, which is celebrated from sunset on Friday night until the stars appear on Saturday night. This is celebrated every week and is a big part of a Jews life.The Shabbat is celebrated in many different ways in different Jewish homes and synagogues. Here are some of the most popular things Jewish families do throughout the Shabbat.The Jews are forbidden to work because it is supposed to be a holy day and they should devote themselves to prayer and studying the Torah. Rabbi Saadi Gaon said, to achieve rest from the abundance of ones toil which shows his commitment to resting on the Sabbath.Preparation, cleaning and cooking are done differently on the Sabbath because they have to prepare the meal and house before the Sabbath starts because cleaning and cooking is forbidden once Sabbath has started. God made the 7th holy day by resting after making the world (Exodus 20:8-11) backs up this command from the Torah.The mother lights candles before sunset because the h ome is central to Judaism and the mother looks after the house beginning on the Sabbath. When I light the Shabbat candles I feel like God is blessing me Berachan of God quoted. This shows the mother feels she has done her duties to God once the candles have been lit.The Father blesses the children during Sabbath. This shows the fathers prayerful wishing that the children should grow up to follow the examples of righteous men and women of the Jewish history.The Father then recites the Kiddush, which is a blessing to thank God for giving Shabbat to Jewish people.Following this the family all wash their hands, which is an act of purification.The Father recites blessing over Challot. It is normally a thank you blessing to God for bringing bread out of the ground.The Challot is dipped in salt before being passed around. This is a reminder that bread is a result of efforts. This means salt is symbolic of sweat and toil.The family sing songs and tell stories from the Bible. This strengthen s the faith and is passed onto the children of the family.The celebrations/events that happen in the synagogue are all based around reading and the Torah.A Sidra is read from the Sefer Torah. A Sidra is a certain portion of the Sefer Torah and a different section is read each week so that the complete scroll will have been read by the end of the year.The Ark is opened and everybody stands while it is being open. This is to show a mark of respect.During the reading of the Sidra, seven men give blessings.After the reading of the Sefer Torah, the 8th man reads haftaroh, which is a portion from one of the books of prophets.After all of this has happened, the scroll is put back into the ark and the Rabbi gives sermon. This encourages congregation to keep to the Jewish religion.These are some of the things that happen at home after the morning synagogue service.The lunchtime meal that follows a similar format to the meal they have on Friday night,On Saturday afternoon, the males in the fa mily return back to the synagogue for another service and the females will stay at home.After dinner, the family may go over their Jewish studies together.In the late afternoon, the males go back to the synagogue and there they study the Torah until nightfall.While the males go to the synagogue, the females of the house will go to a neighbours house to study the Torah. The females take turns to host the study evening.At the end of Shabbat here are a few things that happen.The Congregation prays the weekday evening service in the synagogue. This is to show the star has appeared and Shabbat is over.Rabbi performs havdalah (separation). This is a Ceremony to mark the end of the holy day.They give blessings over a cup of wine to show separation of holy day from ordinary day, which is now completed.Observing the Shabbat is an important part of the Jewish religion. It affects the life of a Jew in many ways. It makes Jews feel separate from other religions and they have to obey so many sac rifices to their life during the Sabbath, that Jews cant lead a social life during the weekend. It allows Jews to physically rest and reflect on God.The life of a young Jew may by the Sabbath in many different ways. They would not be allowed to go out or socialize with friends on a Friday night and sometimes not on a Saturday night either. They would not be able to join any clubs, which meet or practice on a Friday or Saturday. This would cause them to only be friends with people from their school or Synagogue.Young Jews would not have any money to spend on new clothes, trips out etc. because if they still go to school then the majority of jobs they would be able to do would take place on a Saturday and so therefore would be breaking a rule. The difference between what they can and cannot do in winter and summer is quite a lot. Jewish children will be allowed to leave school earlier in the winter because they have to be home by the time the sun goes down. This could make them feel d ifferent or odd if they didnt go to a Jewish school.All these things could make young children uncomfortable about being a Jew. It separates them from their friends of other religions and it makes it very hard for them to lead an ordinary, sociable teenage life.It is not only the childrens lives that are affected by Shabbat because the parents also find it very hard to stop their children from going out on Fridays and Saturdays when they know how much a social life means to young children these days. Adults are affected in many different ways too, here is a table suggesting some. There are a number of activities, which are forbidden to be done during Shabbat. Operating machinery is one of the biggest losses to a Jew because it means they cant drive anywhere. This is a positive loss, as it will encourage them to walk and get exercise. Cooking is also forbidden which means Jews have to prepare their food in advance. This is a hassle and takes time out of the day before. Writing is for bidden which means homework and office-work is not allowed to be done. This is not such a bad thing for Jews as it gives them some time off, it can be a bit of a hassle because it takes up time out of their Sunday as they have not been able to do it on Friday night or any of Saturday. If you are a builder then you are not allowed to work during Shabbat as building is forbidden. This doesnt only affect builders it could affect anybody who is building D.I.Y objects or things for the home. Again this will take time out of their Sunday if they are things that need to be done before they go back to work on the Monday. Tying a knot is one of the hardest things to replace during Shabbat. Jews cannot wear a tie or shoes with laces. This would mean they would have to wear slip on shoes and will not be able to wear a tie to anything smart they go to.The mother will need to be very organised to make sure that everything is in place before sunset on Friday. This is because cooking and preparing is forbidden.The parents will need a job, which allows them to have time off on a Friday (especially in winter). This is because everybody has to be home to have family time by the time Sunset on Friday.The mother and father will need to be disciplined with their children, ensuring that they understand the importance or the Sabbath. They will need to lead by example. It is very hard for the parents of a teenager to keep their child in when all their friends are going out. They need to be able to do this without giving in or feeling guilty.Neither of the parents will be able to run/organise clubs for their children or even themselves. E.g. Football/sports clubs. This will also limit them to any clubs they can join or any organisations where the majority of friends are made.Part 3Jews think the home is central as it is the place that most worship takes place. It is looked at as a central place for the whole family to get together and worship as a family. They think it is central beca use it is the centre of all the worship that takes place especially during the Shabbat.Not all Jews follow the faith with the same discipline and attitude. This can lead to different behaviour and the ways in which the religion is worshipped. There are two types of Jews. Liberal Jews who are not as strict and dont necessarily follow all the guidelines to the Jewish religion, and then there are Orthodox Jews who follow the torah, Shema and Mitzvot and make sure they dont break any of the rules. Judaism concentrates on obedience and so all Jews, whether they are Liberal or Orthodox are especially keen on following guidelines and obeying the rules of Judaism.Sharing certain rituals can bring a family closer as they have to spend more time together and the majority of this time would be spent worshipping. When the mother lights candles on the dinner table during the Shabbat meal, shows a religious significance of women and the valued role they lead as a mother.The Kiddush is a holy mome nt, which is shared with the family. This is a time, which unifies and strengthens as all of the family focus on sharing objects with each other. The men usually lead this time but in Progressive Jewish families, the women sometimes do it.The wine, which is, drank during the Kiddush or any time in the Jewish religion, is a symbol of linking the families together and sharing with each other. It is a symbol of sacrifice of the poor and can bond families together while sharing this thought.Havdalah which means division is a time which shows division from the rest of the world and so being a family at this time shows how a family is special and not everybody in the world is lucky enough to have one as loving or caring as yours.All these things make families realise how lucky they are t have each other and that sharing things is the best way to bond a friendship or relationship with someone.Sharing things with your family might not strengthen the family relationship as it might cause ten sion between family members. Spending too much time with your friends or family can cause arguments and you cannot necessarily enjoy the time you spend with them, as you would if you didnt spend as much time with them as often.If I had to share family rituals as often as they do, then I dont think it would strengthen our relationship. I wouldnt feel as if I had any independence and I would always feel as if everything I did had to be shared with my family. However I can see how some families enjoy sharing things and how it brings them closer together and would make them feel a closer community. I can see both sides of the argument but I feel that if I was in this situation I would feel isolated and non-independent if I had to share everything with my family.Sharing festivals can bring a family together as they would spend a lot of time in each others company and sharing the time together would make them feel warmer towards each other.Pesach is a festival, which brings family very cl ose, as it is a very repetitive festival. The same things happen every year and so they know what is coming and sharing it becomes easier. The Seder meal brings families closer together as it links past to the present. It brings different generations of the family closer together and creates a sense of belonging. The questions the children ask their parents help them learn about God therefore his shows that they are interested in him and want to learn. It helps the family share their thoughts and knowledge on God and how he helps their religion.Hanukkah is also a religion that illustrates the way Jews share festivals with their family. It is sometimes forgotten for its true meaning and sometimes just remembered for the gifts that are given and received. Families share Hanukkah by giving each other presents to remember they have each other.When you celebrate these events with your family you gain more trust and a better bond with the family you have grown up with. You learn new thing s from them and adapt the way they celebrate with how you do it.My opinion on this topic is that it helps to bring the family together. Hanukkah is similar to Christmas and I think of Christmas as a time to share things with your family and learn new things about each other. Christmas is one of the only times in a year when my whole family get together so it is very special and means more than just a meal with my family. It helps me to understand them and they way they celebrate things.On the other hand, some families prefer to share things in different ways. You could always find some families that feel sharing festivals, doesnt help strengthen their family at all. Some of the reasons for this could be that time off school/work for the family could cause stress and could make the children feel standing out and could lead to conflict.Festivals could stop children and sometimes adults from joining any teams, which meet on a Saturday or on the day of the Festival. This could make the child feel excluded and could lead to arguments between the child and their parents. This could cause family disagreements, which would weaken the relationship.If I had to miss going out with friends or playing in my hockey games on a Saturday then I would feel left out and would feel as though I had no social life and all my friends did. Not only would it lead to arguments between my family and me but also it could cause arguments between my parents if one of them agreed with me and the other one didnt. This would not strengthen our family relationship at all. I would feel as though my social life was more important than family time or worship and would not want to join in with festivals, which took place on the day of something else I had planned.The Rites of Passages that are shared with your family are very special to come Jews. Bar Mitzvah is a ceremony, which Jews love to share with their family. It is a ceremony which strengthens the family as all the family are involved in s ome way. The father holds the baby while it is being circumcised and the mother holds it after it has been done. Although many boys who are circumcised, are done at a young age and so therefore dont remember it is still a special moment for all the family and for the boy when he grows up and the family can tell him about how they celebrated the moment in his life.Rites of Passages are times in your life, which are remembered with a celebration. These are special for all Jews and they enjoy sharing them with their family.I dont really think there are many negative sides to sharing Rites of Passages with your family, as they are special times in your life that should be remembered and the best way to remember things are if someone else celebrates with you and you can share ideas and moments that you all remember from the event.I would not have a problem if I had to go to family events once in a while. I am not very close to my family and so when we have a family event it is very speci al to me and I dont really mind whether I have something else to do on that day or not, because the time that I do spend with my family, is special to me and I remember it and will share the experiences I gained from it with my friends and family in the time to come.It is not only the religious praying rituals that are shared among the family, but other household rituals are as well. By having a kosher kitchen and sticking to the rules, this helps strengthen the family and become closer together. When someone makes a mistake in the kitchen, by mixing meat with dairy, then they ask the family for forgiveness. This would help to bond the family together and learn to live with each others mistakes and not feeling ashamed to admit to it to your family. They are hard rules to follow but it can lead to a stronger family relationship by working together to try and make sure you keep the rules set.The tefillin is a ritual that would help bring the family closer together. It is a object that can be seen and so therefore although the person wearing it can not see it, the rest of their family can and so therefore know whether they are following the rules or not and can see they are devoted to their religion.The negative things to sharing the tefillin with your family, is that its true meaning could be taken away and not focused on as much as it should be. People forget that its true meaning is to hold the Shema and they just concentrate on getting it on their head in the right place etc. and so sometimes can cause arguments among the family if it is not being used in the correct way.There are many ways in which a Jewish Family can be strengthened. There are things, which have already been mentioned, and there are things such as family meals, day trips out, family worshipping. These things would strengthen the family in different ways. It would strengthen it by the whole family spending more time together and reflecting on things they have done in their individual everyda y lives. When a family gets together and can talk about individual achievements and experiences, then this can help to bond the family closer together.I think it is easier for an Orthodox Jew, than a Liberal Jew. I think this because although they are stricter about obeying the rules, they have a stronger family relationship.I dont think I would be able to stick to all the rules and I would not be able to spend the amount of time that Jews do with their family. I would feel left out when all my friends were going out on a Friday and Saturday night and I had to stay in for no other reason than the Torah tells me to.I think growing up into a Jewish family would be very hared. I dont think you would see the good side of the religion until you have got over the stage when you want to look cool in front of your friends and want to do everything your friends do. Until you have got over this stage then I think it would make you feel deprived. I think you would feel as though your parent ru led your life and you werent allowed to do anything.I think the overall benefits of keeping all the rituals are that you spend quality time with your family and can have the self- control in you, to stick with the religion and not give in however hard it may be at times. I think the best parts of keeping religious rituals are that there are many celebrations and festivals throughout your life, which you remember, and the rituals you share with your family mean a lot to you. This is most special to you later on in your life when you have your own children and have to teach them to follow in your footsteps and become a faithful Jew like yourself.There are some differences between Liberal and Orthodox Jews. They observe Shabbat in different ways.The Orthodox Jews will not do any of the forbidden activities including driving, cooking or turning on a light switch. Whereas the Liberal Jews will not be so absolute in their attitude. They class work more as employment.The Liberal Jews may r ecite blessings in absence of the father. Whereas the Orthodox men will recite blessings in absence of the father and not the women.Only men will attend Saturday afternoon synagogue services in Orthodox synagogues. Whereas some women may attend afternoon services in the Liberal Jew.In the Orthodox synagogue, only men will read from the Torah but women are allowed to read from the Torah if they are a Liberal Jew.Orthodox men and women will sit separately in the synagogue but they sit together if they are Liberal Jews.In conclusion to what has just been said it shows the Orthodox Jews only let men read the Torah, whereas the Liberal Jews allow women to read it in the synagogues as well. Orthodox Jews are stricter in what they do and Liberal Jews will be a bit more relaxed in the duties they carry out during the Shabbat.

Violence in Society †Sociology Essay

Violence in Society – Sociology Essay Free Online Research Papers Violence in Society Sociology Essay Violence exists in many different forms in our society. Unfortunately, many people believe that violence is the most effective way of solving the problems in our world today. It is a horrible resolution but is usually seen as the only option, and results in tragedy. Basically, man has not yet learned from his past mistakes and is not aware that violence just leads to more violence. Violence today accomplishes nothing and is a futile act that shows how many problems our society has. When used as a way to solve problems, violence is very useless. It is a senseless act because instead of resolving situations and trying to be more open minded, people just choose violence and show their intolerance felt for people unlike them. An example of this would be from the movie Mississippi Burning, when the Ku Klux Klan would chase and hunt down innocent black people and then hang them or shoot them. People would get killed just because of their skin colour or cultural beliefs. These kinds of racism and violence have been present since the 1950’s and 1960’s, when they were used constantly. Another example from these times is found in the life of Martin Luther King Jr. who was a preacher who believed in negotiation and peaceful means rather then violence, as shown in the video Martin Luther King Jr. that was viewed in class. He was just a man who was trying to solve the major issue of segregation experienced by the black people. He sought to copy the idea s expressed by Gandhi, which also dealt with peaceful means to solve problems. Tragically, Martin Luther King Jr. soon after was assassinated and murdered. This goes to show how much hatred and violence exists in mankind. Our world is basically run by our society and the people around us. Then what kind of society are we when we use violence against the helpless, and lack any sort of tolerance for those who differ from us? This goes to show us how many problems our society has these days, and has had for the past decades. An example of this would be Hitler, and how he killed off Jewish people to carry out his objective of â€Å"a perfect world† which consisted of blonde hair and blue eyed people (German culture). This kind of terrorism seems sickening and disgusting. However, there are certain types of people who exist in the world that share the same opinion of Hitler. Other examples include the disaster that occurred on September 11th last year. This was an act of terrorism and hatred. Osama Bin Laden was responsible for these terrible acts of violence towards the United States. These atrocious catastrophes have forever altered our sense of security. The usual way of solving problems that deal with violence rather then peaceful means, are not adequate anymore for the world in which we live. People are starting to realize who the â€Å"good† and the â€Å"bad† are. An example of this would be when peace marches with Martin Luther King Jr. would turn into a riot of innocent people running for their lives from the authorities, who mercilessly attack them and abuse them. These pointless acts led the people to finally realize what kind of government they were supporting, and helped them to understand and be more open minded about what was really going on. Thus, violence itself is not a solution to problems. It is more beneficial to society to question whether or not violence is really the answer. Only through thoughtful discussion and the realization that the solution lies in peaceful negotiation, will there be any hope for the future. Research Papers on Violence in Society - Sociology EssayEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenCapital PunishmentQuebec and CanadaWhere Wild and West MeetRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andTrailblazing by Eric AndersonComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm X19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 Europe

Gray Wolf Facts

Gray Wolf Facts The gray wolf (Canis lupus) is the largest member of the Canidae (dog) family, with a range extending through Alaska and parts of Michigan, Wisconsin, Montana, Idaho, Oregon, and Wyoming. Gray wolves share their ancestry with domestic dogs, coyotes, and wild dogs such as dingoes. Scientists consider the gray wolf to be the species from which most other wolf subspecies evolved. The gray wolf is classified as part of the kingdom Animalia, order Carnivora, family Canidae,  and the subfamily Caninae. Fast Facts: Gray Wolves Scientific Name: Canis lupusCommon Name(s): Gray wolf, timber wolf, wolfBasic Animal Group:  Mammal  Ã‚  Size: 36 to 63 inches; tail: 13 to 20 inchesWeight: 40–175 poundsLifespan: 8–13 yearsDiet:  CarnivoreHabitat:  Alaska, northern Michigan, northern Wisconsin, western Montana, northern Idaho, northeast Oregon, and the  Yellowstone  area of WyomingPopulation:  17,000 in the United StatesConservation  Status:  Least Concern Description Gray wolves look very much like large German shepherd dogs, with pointed ears and long, bushy, black-tipped tails. Wolf coat colors vary from white to gray to brown to black; most have a mix of colors with tan facial markings and undersides. Northern wolves are often larger than southern wolves, and males are usually larger than females. Jim Cumming/Getty Images Habitat and Distribution Gray wolves were once found in large numbers throughout the Northern Hemisphere- in Europe, Asia, and North America. At one time or another, gray wolves have ranged across nearly every type of environment found north of the equator from deserts to tundra, but they were hunted to near extinction wherever they were found. In the ecosystems they inhabit, wolves are a keystone species: They have a large influence on their environment despite their low abundance. Gray wolves exert control on their prey species, changing the numbers and behavior of large herbivores like deer (which is now overabundant in many places), thus ultimately affecting even the vegetation. Because of that important role, wolves hold a central place in  rewilding projects. The gray wolf is an extremely adaptable species and is one of those animal species that survived the last ice age. The gray wolfs physical characteristics enabled it to adapt quickly to the harsh conditions of the ice age, and its cunning and adaptation helped it survive in the changing environment. Diet Gray wolves typically prey on large ungulates (mammals with hooves) such as deer, elk, moose, and caribou. Gray wolves also eat smaller mammals such as hares and beavers as well as fish, birds, lizards, snakes, and fruit. Wolves are also scavengers and will eat the flesh of animals killed by other predators, by motor vehicles, and so on. When wolves find ample food or hunt successfully, they eat their fill. A single wolf may consume as much as 20 pounds of meat in a single feeding. Behavior Gray wolves are social animals. They usually live and hunt in packs of six to 10 members and often range over long distances- up to 12 miles or more- in a single day. Typically, several members of a wolf pack will hunt together, cooperating to pursue and bring down large prey. Wolf packs follow a strict hierarchy with a dominant male and female at the top. The Alpha male and female are usually the only two wolves in the pack that breed. All of the adult wolves in the pack help to care for the pups by bringing them food, instructing them, and keeping them from harm. Gray wolves have a complex system of communication that includes a wide range of barks, whines, growls, and howls. Their iconic and legendary howl is one way that gray wolves communicate with each other. A lone wolf may howl to attract the attention of his pack while wolves in the same pack may howl together to establish their territory and declare it to other wolf packs. Howling may also be confrontational or may simply be an answering call to the howls of other wolves nearby. Andyworks/Getty Images Reproduction and Offspring Most wolves mate for life, breeding once a year between January and March (or earlier in the south). The gestation period is about 63 days; wolves usually give birth to between four and six pups. Wolf mothers give birth in a den (typically a burrow or cave), where they can oversee the welfare of tiny pups which are born blind and weigh only about one pound. She will move the pups several times during the first few months of their lives. To feed their young, wolves regurgitate their food until the pups are old enough to manage meat on their own. Young wolves stay with their natal pack until they are about three years old. At that point, they make the decision to either stay with their pack or strike out on their own. Enn Li  Photography/Getty Images   Conservation Status Gray wolves have a conservation status of Least Concern, meaning that there is a large and stable population. Wolves were successfully reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park and parts of Idaho in 1995. They have been naturally recolonizing parts of their former range, moving into Washington and Oregon. In 2011, a lone male wolf made it to California. There is now a resident pack there. In the Great Lakes region, gray wolves are now thriving in Minnesota, Michigan, and now Wisconsin. One of the challenges of expanding gray wolf populations is that people continue to fear wolves, many farmers and ranchers consider gray wolves a menace to livestock, and hunters want the government to declare open season on gray wolves to stop them preying on game animals such as deer, moose, and elk. By the mid-1930s, most gray wolves in the United States had been killed. Today, the gray wolfs North American range has been reduced to Canada and parts of Alaska, Idaho, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, Oregon, Utah, Washington, Wisconsin, and Wyoming. Mexican wolves, a gray wolf subspecies, are found in New Mexico and Arizona. Gray Wolves and Humans Wolves and human beings have a long adversarial history. Although wolves rarely attack humans, both wolves and humans are predators at the top of the food chain. As a result, they are often in conflict as habitats decline and wolves become more likely to attack livestock. Negative feelings toward wolves have been nurtured over the centuries through popular culture. Fairy tales such as Little Red Riding Hood represent wolves as vicious predators; these negative representations make it very difficult to present wolves as a species to be protected. Despite negative interactions, wolves are also seen as symbols of strength and icons of the wilderness. This may be one reason why there is an increased interest in keeping wolves or wolf/dog hybrids as pets- a practice which is rarely successful for the animal or its owner. Sources Booker, Emily. â€Å"Ten Interesting Facts about Gray Wolves.†Ã‚  WWF, World Wildlife Fund, 21 July 2011, www.worldwildlife.org/blogs/good-nature-travel/posts/ten-interesting-facts-about-gray-wolves.â€Å"Gray Wolf.†Ã‚  National Wildlife Federation, www.nwf.org/Educational-Resources/Wildlife-Guide/Mammals/Gray-Wolf.Sartore, Joel. â€Å"Wolf | National Geographic.†Ã‚  Wolf | National Geographic, 7 Mar. 2019, www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/g/gray-wolf/.

Networking Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Networking - Coursework Example For example, security needs may entail authentication, encryption security levels and modes of detecting intrusion. Additionally, the costs involved in the three mediums are difficult to contrast due to the different costs involved such as- acquisition costs, installation costs and maintenance costs. For an entrepreneur who wants to establish a global satellite radio system, I would begin with using at least two GEO satellites strategically placed above the globe. This would enable the satellites to transmit signals to the radio satellite receivers. Additionally, the entrepreneur would have no interference since the satellites are placed directly above the earth and would orbit continuously. The frequency of the transmission would range from 5GHz to around 30GHz. A synchronous connection can be likened to a lift that stops every floor to allow people on and off from the ground floor to the tenth floor. The first four floors refer to the input messages, while the next six floors are responsible for producing data. The network chosen is a local LAN, which is wirelessly connected and also through coaxial cables. If additional media is required, a USB cable can be used for connecting to the network. In some instances, one may want to use an external hard drive. In such instances, the hard drive is connected either via the USB or

Freud and Neuroses Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Freud and Neuroses - Essay Example According to psychodynamic theory, neurosis, are the manifestations of one's attempts to ignore unconscious conflicts (Ricker 2006). Prior to Freud doctors and analysts believed that neuroses - metal disorders like depression, excessive anxiety were due to heredity. However, detailed investigations led Freud to believe that it was the malfunction of sexual instincts of childhood or adulthood that was at the bottom of neuroses, "there are grounds for regarding the neurosis as an acquired one, careful enquiry directed to that end reveals that a set of noxae and influences from sexual life are the operative aetiological factors" (Standard Edition, 1905 3: 99). Though some causes like emotional imbalances, physical tiredness, and stressful mishaps, other acute illnesses were more prominent, they were only secondary reasons for neurosis. According to Fine (1962) "Freud's thought in the 1890's centers around one major clinical observation: Neurosis involves a defense against unbearable ide as." (p.12) Using the concept of inner conflict, which is central to all psychoanalysis, Freud observed two distinct processes, the dominant one that propelled towards immediate release, and the other secondary one that tried to keep things under check and control; these he later named as 'ego and id' (Fine, 1962:13). Freud states that, "The tension between the harsh super-ego and the ego that is subjected to it, is called by us the sense of guilt; it expresses itself as a need for punishment" (Civilization and Its Discontents, 1962: 70). Fine observes the accuracy of Freud's analyses as "the primary and secondary processes, the main trend and the compromise trend of the nervous system, the two biological rules of attention and defense, the indications of quality, reality, and thought, the state of the psycho-sexual group, the sexual determination of repression, and, finally, the factors determining consciousness as a perceptual function" (Fine, 1962:10). The essay titled "Sexual Aberrations" in the three essays that explicate Freud's The Theory of Sexuality (1905) states that "the tension" created by the conflict, was "to be relieved the libido needs an object" and the object may be anything, including "male and female genitals" (Fordham, 1992:11-12). The ego is introduced through the introduction of an inner conflict - which sets in motion the 'anxiety'. In neurotics however, when the vision of the object is lost, it is perceived as the loss of the object itself, the imaginary sense of loss is thus, slightly more exaggerated. Which loss becomes 'unbearable'; ego is able to keep alive this perceived loss in short, he explored the conflict as two sides with the defense idea on one side and the 'unbearable' idea on the other. And from his investigations he understood that the 'unbearable' idea mostly involved the past of the neurotic patient, rather than a happening of the present (Fine, 1962:10). Repression and Hysteria Fordham observes that, "Freud had extensive evidence from the psychoanalysis of the neuroses, especially hysteria and the obsessional neuroses, in which he discovered the so-called perversions that had become repressed." (1998:12). Furthermore, for Freud, the concept of "repression," was very important to his